Write about Maria Theresa?

 

Question: Write about Maria Theresa?

Ans: Maria Theresa (1765 – 1780 A.D.) was queen of Austria. She was the only female ruler of the Habsburg dominions and the last of the House of Habsburg. She was the sovereign of Austria, Hungary, Croatia, Bohemia, Transylvania, Mantua, Milan, Lodomeria and Galicia, the Austrian Netherlands, and Parma.

Father: Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor

Mother: Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel

            Husband: Holy Roman Emperor Francis I.

Daughter: Marie Antoinette.

            Sons: Joseph II Holy Roman Emperor and Leopold II Holy Roman Emperor.

            Though she had to share the kingdom with her sons, she continued to rule along with them. In fact she was an absolute sovereign, she ruled with the help of a counsel of her advisors.

            1. Centralised administration was an unique feature of her reign.

             2. She reorganized army and a military school named the Theresian Military Academy was founded in Wiener Neustadt in 1751.

3. Oriental Academy for future diplomats was created in 1754.

4. Secular subjects like Law were introduced in the university.

5. Non-Catholics were allowed into the Universities.

6. 1750 – Maria Theresa established ‘The Theresian Institution of Noble Ladies’ at Prague Castle. It was meant for the schooling of unmarried Austrian and Hungarian noblewomen.

After her death in 1780, her son Joseph II succeeded her as the Emperor Austria.